Forced Migration and Risk Factors for Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (GBV)

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Written By: Vedha I.K

Migration involves the movement of people from one place to another due to economic, social, political, or environmental reasons. In the case of forced migration, individuals—such as refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs), and asylum seekers—are compelled to leave their homes against their will. After migration, these individuals face a complex and ongoing process of integration that includes settlement, interaction with the host society, and adaptation to social changes.

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Forced migration exacerbates vulnerability to sexual and gender-based violence, especially among women, LGBTQ+ individuals, and marginalized ethnic or caste groups. The intersection of legal invisibility, social exclusion, and patriarchal control creates a perfect storm for abuse and impunity.

Addressing this crisis requires urgent reform at both the policy and implementation levels. Countries must strengthen legal frameworks, ensure access to justice, and invest in survivor support systems. Only then can we begin to uphold the dignity, rights, and safety of those displaced by conflict, disaster, and persecution.